All environmental health and safety professionals have at some time in their career become frustrated with judgments made about their organization's and personal performance through outcome-oriented measurements. After all, some negative outcomes seem to happen from just plain bad luck or by chance.
For example, an exemplary employee has a bad day, is injured, and accepts prescription pain medication. An over-the-counter drug may have worked equally as well - but now you have an OSHA recordable injury for an unlucky worker in the wrong place at the wrong time.